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If your amp is working – chances are … you are fine.  If something was to have gone wrong – you would most likely either hear no sound – or you would have blown a fuse (which is there to protect an amp).  But, like Bruce noted – stay matched, and you're always good to go.  But in the event that you're not matched – I believe it to be this way :

An amp 4, 8 or 16 ohms into a 16 ohm speaker is okay.

(cab rated higher # than amp is okay).

The other way around can cause damage (too much load on the transformer).

(cab rated lower # than amp is NOT okay).

Example:

If your amp must be at 16, don't run it into anything less than 16.

If your amp must be at 8, don't run it into anything less than 8.

If your amp must be at 4, don't run it into anything less than 4 (like 2 4 ohm cabinets, which would make 2 ohm load).

Also remember – when you are using multiple cabinets, or multiple speakers – depending on how it's wired – it can often be 1/2 the impedance.  (2-16 ohm speakers can be an 8 ohm load, 2-8 ohm speakers can be a 4 ohm load, and 2-4 ohm speakers can be really bad for your amp!!)

LONG story short :

1) amps are meant to be matched. 

2) if your amp is working – chances are – it's okay.

3) when in doubt – always check w the manufacturer!!

4) it never hurts to bring a multimeter to the gig, especially if you are using your amp head w someone elses cabinet.  Just because the label says X ohms, doesn't mean someone didn't swap the speakers, that would make the label wrong!!

Hope that helps!

Same … I really have no idea. If you are in doubt – bring it to a tech, and have them check it out.

If I was to take a guess … if it plays, and sounds okay – chances are – it's okay.  Reason being if something was wrong, you'd most likely blow a fuse, or hear noise / fizz / or very low volume – indicating a failure.  But – if it's playing fine, I suspect it may be fine. 

But again – if you are in doubt – bring it to a tech, and have them check it out.  There's no way to know w out having someone open it up and check it out.

AND – don't open it yourself – the inside of amps have LETHALLY high voltages.  Again – bring it to a tech if you're wanting to get a clean bill of health on the amp.

Hope that helps!  Good luck!